Avian influenza viruses and human health
Identifieur interne : 000113 ( 1968/Analysis ); précédent : 000112; suivant : 000114Avian influenza viruses and human health
Auteurs : D. J. Alexander [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Developments in biologicals [ 1424-6074 ] ; 2006.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- génétique : Virus de la grippe A.
- pathogénicité : Virus de la grippe A.
- virologie : Grippe chez les oiseaux.
- épidémiologie : Grippe chez les oiseaux, Grippe humaine.
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Aves, Avian influenza, Avian influenzavirus, Birds, Canada, Disease Outbreaks, Emerging disease, England, Exo-α-sialidase, Gene, Genetic reassortment, Hemagglutinin, Hong Kong, Human, Humans, Influenza A, Influenza A virus (genetics), Influenza A virus (pathogenicity), Influenza in Birds (transmission), Influenza in Birds (virology), Influenza, Human (epidemiology), Mammalia, Mixed infection, Netherlands, Origin, Strain, Subtype, Vietnam.
- MESH :
- epidemiology : Influenza, Human.
- genetics : Influenza A virus.
- pathogenicity : Influenza A virus.
- transmission : Influenza in Birds.
- virology : Influenza in Birds.
- Animals, Birds, Disease Outbreaks, Humans.
Abstract
Influenza A viruses cause natural infections of humans, some other mammals and birds. Few of the 16 haemagglutinin and nine neuraminidase subtype combinations have been isolated from mammals, but all subtypes have been isolated from birds. In the 20th century, there were four pandemics of influenza as a result of the emergence of antigenically different strains in humans: 1918(H1N1), 1957 (H2N2), 1968 (H3N2) and 1977 (H1N1). Influenza A viruses contain eight distinct RNA genes and reassortment of these can occur in mixed infections with different viruses. The 1957 and 1968 pandemic viruses differed from the preceding viruses in humans by the substitution of genes that came from avian viruses, suggesting they arose by genetic reassortment of viruses of human and avian origin. Up to 1995, there had been only three reports of avian influenza viruses infecting humans, in 1959, 1977 and 1981 (all H7N7), but, since 1996, there have been regular reports of natural infections of humans with avian influenza viruses: in England in 1996 (H7N7), Hong Kong 1997 (H5N1), 1999 (H9N2), and 2003 (H5N1), in The Netherlands 2003 (H7N7), Canada 2004 (H7N3), Vietnam 2004 (H5N1) and Thailand 2004 (H5N1). The H5N1 virus is alarming because 51 (64 %) of the 80 people confirmed as infected since 1997 have died.
Affiliations:
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Pascal:06-0150137Le document en format XML
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J." last="Alexander">D. J. Alexander</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Virology Department, Veterinary Laboratories Agency Weybridge</s1><s2>Addlestone, Surrey</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>Addlestone, Surrey</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Developments in biologicals</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Dev. biol.</title><idno type="ISSN">1424-6074</idno><imprint><date when="2006">2006</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Developments in biologicals</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Dev. biol.</title><idno type="ISSN">1424-6074</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Aves</term><term>Avian influenza</term><term>Avian influenzavirus</term><term>Birds</term><term>Canada</term><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Emerging disease</term><term>England</term><term>Exo-α-sialidase</term><term>Gene</term><term>Genetic reassortment</term><term>Hemagglutinin</term><term>Hong Kong</term><term>Human</term><term>Humans</term><term>Influenza A</term><term>Influenza A virus (genetics)</term><term>Influenza A virus (pathogenicity)</term><term>Influenza in Birds (transmission)</term><term>Influenza in Birds (virology)</term><term>Influenza, Human (epidemiology)</term><term>Mammalia</term><term>Mixed infection</term><term>Netherlands</term><term>Origin</term><term>Strain</term><term>Subtype</term><term>Vietnam</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Flambées de maladies</term><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux (transmission)</term><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux (virologie)</term><term>Grippe humaine (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (génétique)</term><term>Virus de la grippe A (pathogénicité)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza, Human</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogenicity" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza A virus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="pathogénicité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Virus de la grippe A</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza in Birds</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Influenza in Birds</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Grippe chez les oiseaux</term><term>Grippe humaine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Birds</term><term>Disease Outbreaks</term><term>Humans</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Flambées de maladies</term><term>Humains</term><term>Influenzavirus aviaire</term><term>Homme</term><term>Mammalia</term><term>Aves</term><term>Hémagglutinine</term><term>Exo-α-sialidase</term><term>Oiseaux</term><term>Soustype</term><term>Souche</term><term>Gène</term><term>Infection mixte</term><term>Origine</term><term>Angleterre</term><term>Grippe A</term><term>Maladie émergente</term><term>Hong Kong</term><term>Pays Bas</term><term>Canada</term><term>Vietnam</term><term>Réassortiment génétique</term><term>Grippe aviaire</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Hong Kong</term><term>Canada</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Homme</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Influenza A viruses cause natural infections of humans, some other mammals and birds. Few of the 16 haemagglutinin and nine neuraminidase subtype combinations have been isolated from mammals, but all subtypes have been isolated from birds. In the 20<sup>th</sup> century, there were four pandemics of influenza as a result of the emergence of antigenically different strains in humans: 1918(H1N1), 1957 (H2N2), 1968 (H3N2) and 1977 (H1N1). Influenza A viruses contain eight distinct RNA genes and reassortment of these can occur in mixed infections with different viruses. The 1957 and 1968 pandemic viruses differed from the preceding viruses in humans by the substitution of genes that came from avian viruses, suggesting they arose by genetic reassortment of viruses of human and avian origin. Up to 1995, there had been only three reports of avian influenza viruses infecting humans, in 1959, 1977 and 1981 (all H7N7), but, since 1996, there have been regular reports of natural infections of humans with avian influenza viruses: in England in 1996 (H7N7), Hong Kong 1997 (H5N1), 1999 (H9N2), and 2003 (H5N1), in The Netherlands 2003 (H7N7), Canada 2004 (H7N3), Vietnam 2004 (H5N1) and Thailand 2004 (H5N1). The H5N1 virus is alarming because 51 (64 %) of the 80 people confirmed as infected since 1997 have died.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Alexander, D J" sort="Alexander, D J" uniqKey="Alexander D" first="D. J." last="Alexander">D. J. Alexander</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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